Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions that occur together, increasing the risk of heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes. The specific criteria for diagnosing metabolic syndrome may vary slightly, but commonly accepted indicators include:
- Abdominal Obesity:
- Men with a waist circumference of 40 inches (102 cm) or more.
- Women with a waist circumference of 35 inches (88 cm) or more. Abdominal obesity is a key component of metabolic syndrome and is often assessed by measuring the waist circumference. Excess fat around the abdomen is associated with insulin resistance and an increased risk of cardiovascular problems.
- Elevated Blood Pressure:
- Blood pressure equal to or higher than 130/85 mm Hg. High blood pressure, or hypertension, is a common feature of metabolic syndrome. It contributes to the increased risk of heart disease and stroke.
- High Blood Sugar (Insulin Resistance or Elevated Fasting Blood Glucose):
- Fasting blood glucose level equal to or higher than 100 mg/dL. Insulin resistance or elevated fasting blood glucose levels indicate that the body is not effectively using insulin, a hormone that helps cells absorb glucose. This is a precursor to type 2 diabetes.
- High Triglyceride Levels:
- Triglyceride levels equal to or higher than 150 mg/dL. Triglycerides are a type of fat found in the blood. Elevated levels are associated with an increased risk of heart disease and are a common feature of metabolic syndrome.
- Low HDL Cholesterol Levels:
- HDL cholesterol less than 40 mg/dL in men or less than 50 mg/dL in women. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol is often referred to as “good” cholesterol. Low levels are associated with an increased risk of heart disease, and they are a component of metabolic syndrome.
It’s important to note that the presence of three or more of these criteria usually indicates metabolic syndrome. Individuals with metabolic syndrome are at a higher risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. Lifestyle changes, such as a healthy diet, regular exercise, and weight management, are often recommended to manage and prevent metabolic syndrome. If you suspect you may have metabolic syndrome, it’s crucial to consult with a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and guidance.
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